Research reveals high toxicity risks of vape chemicals when heated

The study, published in Scientific Reports, highlights the presence of 127 “acutely toxic” chemicals, 153 “health hazards,” and 225 “irritants” in vape aerosols. Vaping devices, popular among millions worldwide, heat liquid flavorings to produce an aerosol for inhalation, with ingredients including vegetable glycerin, propylene glycol, nicotine, and various flavorings. However, previous experiments have shown that heating processes can lead to the generation of volatile carbonyls, known for their association with chronic diseases such as COPD, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.

Given the sheer diversity of chemicals across thousands of vape products, traditional testing methods would require decades. To address this, researchers employed artificial intelligence to analyze chemical compositions and simulate decomposition during heating. The results underscored significant health risks associated with a wide array of vape flavors, even those without nicotine content.

The study, led by researchers at RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, emphasizes the urgent need for enhanced regulations and restrictions on vape flavors. Lead author Professor Donal O’Shea advocates for the removal of all flavors from vape products, citing the potential emergence of chronic diseases in future generations due to current exposures.

Amid concerns over the popularity of flavored vapes among non-smoking youths, the study stresses the importance of understanding long-term health impacts. While vaping can aid tobacco cessation, experts caution against its recreational use, particularly among children and young adults.

In response to the findings, the UK government reaffirmed its commitment to regulating vape products, including banning disposable vapes and limiting appealing flavors to deter youth uptake. While the vaping industry asserts its products’ efficacy in smoking cessation and rigorous safety testing, health experts emphasize the need for caution and stringent regulations to mitigate potential health risks associated with vaping.